What is value?
Value is a 'physical' characteristic of the property.
Property declares what should be formatted, e.g. FONT
while value suggests how the property should be
formatted, e.g. 12pt. By setting the value 12pt to the
property FONT it is suggested that the formatted text be
displayed in a 12 point font. There must always be a
corresponding property to each value or set of values.
H1 {font: bold 180%}
In the example above the H1 selector is declared the
FONT property which in its turn is declared the values
BOLD and 180%.
The values suggesting alternatives are specified in a
comma separated list, e.g.
H1 {font-family: font1, font2}
What is initial value?
Initial value is a default value of the property, that
is the value given to the root element of the document
tree. All properties have an initial value. If no
specific value is set and/or if a property is not
inherited the initial value is used. For example the
background property is not inherited, however, the
background of the parent element shines through because
the initial value of background property is transparent.
<P style="background: red">Hello <strong>World </strong>
</P>
Content of the element P will also have red background
How frustrating is it to write a specification knowing
that you're at the browser vendors' mercy?
That's part of the game. I don't think any specification
has a birthright to be fully supported by all browsers.
There should be healthy competition between different
specifications. I believe simple, author-friendly
specifications will prevail in this environment.
Microformats are another way of developing new formats.
Instead of having to convince browser vendors to support
your favorite specification, microformats add semantics
to HTML through the CLASS attribute. And style it with
CSS.
How far can CSS be taken beyond the web page--that is,
have generalized or non-web specific features for such
things as page formatting or type setting?
Yes, it's possible to take CSS further in several
directions. W3C just published a new Working Draft which
describes features for printing, e.g., footnotes,
cross-references, and even generated indexes.
Another great opportunity for CSS is Web Applications.
Just like documents, applications need to be styled and
CSS is an intrinsic component of AJAX. The "AJAX" name
sounds great.
How To Style Table Cells?
Margin, Border and Padding are difficult to apply to
inline elements. Officially, the <TD> tag is a block
level element because it can contain other block level
elements (see Basics - Elements).
If you need to set special margins, borders, or padding
inside a table cell, then use this markup:
<td>
yourtext </div></td>
to apply the CSS rules to the div inside the cell. </p>
How To Style Forms?
Forms and form elements like SELECT, INPUT etc. can be
styled with CSS - partially.
Checkboxes and Radiobuttons do not yet accept styles,
and Netscape 4.xx has certain issues, but here is a
tutorial that explains the application of CSS Styles on
Form Elements.
How do I get my footer to sit at the bottom...?
Need a div which makes space at the bottom of the main
page (inside the #wrap div). Then, the footer (being
inside #wrap) can be placed in that space by using
absolute positioning. Like this :
CSS body, html {
height:100%;
}
body {
margin:0;
padding:0;
}
#wrap {
position:relative;
width:780px;
margin:auto; min-height:100%;
}
* html #wrap {
height:100%;
}
#clearfooter {
height:50px;
overflow:hidden;
}
#footer {
position:absolute;
bottom:0;
width:100%;
height:50px;
}
HTML
<div id="wrap">
...content goes here...
<div id="clearfooter"></div>
<div id="footer">Footer</div>
</div>
Can I attach more than one declaration to a selector?
Yes. If more than one declaration is attached to a
selector they must appear in a semi colon separated
list, e.g.;
Selector {declaration1; declaration2}
P {background: white; color: black}
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