How do I combine multiple sheets into one?
To combine multiple/partial style sheets into one set
the TITLE attribute taking one and the same value to the
LINK element. The combined style will apply as a
preferred style, e.g.:
<LINK REL=Stylesheet HREF="default.css"
TITLE="combined">
<LINK REL=Stylesheet HREF="fonts.css" TITLE="combined">
<LINK REL=Stylesheet HREF="tables.css" TITLE="combined">
What is attribute selector?
Attribute selector is a selector defined by 1) the
attribute set to element(s), 2) the attribute and
value(s), 3) the attribute and value parts:
1a) A[title] {text-decoration: underline}
All A elements containing the TITLE attribute will be
underlined
1b) A[class=name] {text-decoration: underline}
The A elements classed as 'name' will be underlined
2) A[title="attribute element"] {text-decoration:
underline}
The A elements containing the TITLE attribute with a
value that is an exact match of the specified value,
which in this example is 'attribute element', will be
underlined
3) A[title~="attribute"] {text-decoration: underline}
The A elements containing the TITLE attribute with a
value containing the specified word, which in this
example is 'attribute', will be underlined
What is parent-child selector?
Parent-child selector is a selector representing the
direct descendent of a parent element. Parent-child
selectors are created by listing two or more tilde (~)
separated selectors.
BODY ~ P {background: red; color: white}
The P element will be declared the specified style only
if it directly descends from the BODY element:
<BODY> <P>Red and white paragraph </P> </BODY>
BODY ~ P ~ EM {background: red; color: white}
The EM element will be declared the specified style only
if it directly descends from the P element which in its
turn directly descends from the BODY element:
< <P> <EM>Red and white EM </EM> </P> </BODY>
How can I specify background images?
With CSS, you can suggest a background image (and a
background color, for those not using your image) with
the background property. Here is an example:
body {
background: white url(example.gif) ;
color: black ;
}
If you specify a background image, you should also
specify text, link, and background colors since the
reader's default colors may not provide adequate
contrast against your background image. The background
color may be used by those not using your background
image. Authors should not rely on the specified
background image since browsers allow their users to
disable image loading or to override document-specified
backgrounds.
How do I have a fixed (non-scrolling) background image?
With CSS, you can use the background-attachment
property. The background attachment can be included in
the shorthand background property, as in this example:
body {
background: white url(example.gif) fixed ;
color: black ;
}
Note that this CSS is supported by Internet Explorer,
Mozilla, Firefox Opera, Safari, and other browsers. In
contrast, Microsoft's proprietary BGPROPERTIES attribute
is supported only by Internet Explorer.
What are inline, block, parent, children, replaced and
floating elements?
Inline
elements which do not have line breaks. Can occur in
block elements or other inline elements, cannot contain
block elements.
Inline elements in HTML 3.2; EM, STRONG, DFN, CODE, SAMP,
KBD, VAR, CITE, TT, I, B, U, STRIKE, BIG, SMALL, SUB,
SUP, A, IMG, APPLET, FONT, BASEFONT, BR, SCRIPT, MAP,
INPUT, SELECT, TEXTAREA.
Inline elements in HTML 4.0; EM, STRONG, DFN, CODE, SAMP,
KBD, VAR, CITE, ABBR, ACRONYM, TT, I, B, BIG, SMALL,
SUB, SUP, A, IMG, OBJECT, BR, SCRIPT, MAP, Q, SPAN, BDO,
INPUT, SELECT, TEXTAREA, LABEL, BUTTON, (INS, DEL).
Inline elements in HTML 4.0 Transitional; EM, STRONG,
DFN, CODE, SAMP, KBD, VAR, CITE, ABBR, ACRONYM, TT, I,
B, U, S, STRIKE, BIG, SMALL, SUB, SUP, A, IMG, APPLET,
OBJECT, FONT, BASEFONT, BR, SCRIPT, MAP, Q, SPAN, BDO,
IFRAME, INPUT, SELECT, TEXTAREA, LABEL, BUTTON, (INS,
DEL).
Block
elements which do have line breaks. May occur in other
block elements, cannot occur in inline elements, may
contain both block and inline elements.
Block elements in HTML 3.2; H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6,
ADDRESS, P, DL, DT, DD, UL, OL, DIR, MENU, LI, DIV,
CENTER, BLOCKQUOTE, PRE, HR, ISINDEX, TABLE, FORM.
Block elements in HTML 4.0; P, H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6,
UL, OL, PRE, DL, DIV, NOSCRIPT, BLOCKQUOTE, FORM, HR,
TABLE, FIELDSET, ADDRESS, (INS, DEL).
Block elements in HTML 4.0 Transitional; P, H1, H2, H3,
H4, H5, H6, UL, OL, DIR, MENU, PRE, DL, DIV, CENTER,
NOSCRIPT, NOFRAMES, BLOCKQUOTE, FORM, ISINDEX, HR,
TABLE, FIELDSET, ADDRESS, (INS, DEL).
Parents and children
elements which either contain (parents) or are in the
content of (children) other elements, e.g.
<P>text<STRONG>text</STRONG>text</P>. P is a parent of
STRONG. STRONG is a child of P. If not specified
otherwise, children will inherit parent's properties.
Replaced
elements which content is replaced. For example content
of the IMG element is replaced with an image, content of
the INPUT element is replace with a field.
Floating
elements which follow the flow of a parent - inline
elements.
Which set of definitions, HTML attributes or CSS
properties, take precedence?
CSS properties take precedence over HTML attributes. If
both are specified, HTML attributes will be displayed in
browsers without CSS support but won't have any effect
in browsers with CSS support.
How do I eliminate the blue border around linked images?
in your CSS, you can specify the border property for
linked images:
a img { border: none ; }
However, note that removing the border that indicates an
image is a link makes it harder for users to distinguish
quickly and easily which images on a web page are
clickable.
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