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.Net Interview Questions and Answers
What is the difference between a namespace and
assembly name?
A namespace is a logical naming scheme for types in
which a simple type name, such as MyType, is preceded
with a dot-separated hierarchical name. Such a naming
scheme is completely under control of the developer. For
example, types MyCompany.FileAccess.A and
MyCompany.FileAccess.B might be logically expected to
have functionally related to file access. The .NET
Framework uses a hierarchical naming scheme for grouping
types into logical categories of related functionality,
such as the ASP.NET application framework, or remoting
functionality. Design tools can make use of namespaces
to make it easier for developers to browse and reference
types in their code. The concept of a namespace is not
related to that of an assembly. A single assembly may
contain types whose hierarchical names have different
namespace roots, and a logical namespace root may span
multiple assemblies. In the .NET Framework, a namespace
is a logical design-time naming convenience, whereas an
assembly establishes the name scope for types at run
time.
What’s a Windows process?
It’s an application that’s running and had been
allocated memory.
What’s typical about a Windows process in regards to
memory allocation?
Each process is allocated its own block of available RAM
space, no process can access another process’ code or
data. If the process crashes, it dies alone without
taking the entire OS or a bunch of other applications
down.
Explain what relationship is between a Process,
Application Domain, and Application?
Each process is allocated its own block of available RAM
space, no process can access another process’ code or
data. If the process crashes, it dies alone without
taking the entire OS or a bunch of other applications
down.
A process is an instance of a running application. An
application is an executable on the hard drive or
network. There can be numerous processes launched of the
same application (5 copies of Word running), but 1
process can run just 1 application.
What are possible implementations of distributed
applications in .NET?
.NET Remoting and ASP.NET Web Services. If we talk about
the Framework Class Library, noteworthy classes are in
System.Runtime.Remoting and System.Web.Services.
What are the consideration in deciding to use .NET
Remoting or ASP.NET Web Services?
Remoting is a more efficient communication exchange when
you can control both ends of the application involved in
the communication process. Web Services provide an
open-protocol-based exchange of information. Web Services
are best when you need to communicate with an external
organization or another (non-.NET) technology.
What’s a proxy of the server object in .NET Remoting?
It’s a fake copy of the server object that resides on
the client side and behaves as if it was the server. It
handles the communication between real server object and
the client object. This process is also known as
marshaling.
What are remotable objects in .NET Remoting?
Remotable objects are the objects that can be marshaled
across the application domains. You can marshal by
value, where a deep copy of the object is created and
then passed to the receiver. You can also marshal by
reference, where just a reference to an existing object
is passed.
What are channels in .NET Remoting?
Channels represent the objects that transfer the other
serialized objects from one application domain to
another and from one computer to another, as well as one
process to another on the same box. A channel must exist
before an object can be transferred.
What security measures exist for .NET Remoting in
System.Runtime.Remoting?
None. Security should be taken care of at the
application level. Cryptography and other security
techniques can be applied at application or server
level.
What is a formatter?
A formatter is an object that is responsible for
encoding and serializing data into messages on one end,
and deserializing and decoding messages into data on the
other end.
Choosing between HTTP and TCP for protocols and Binary
and SOAP for formatters, what are the trade-offs?
Binary over TCP is the most effiecient, SOAP over HTTP
is the most interoperable.
What’s SingleCall activation mode used for?
If the server object is instantiated for responding to
just one single request, the request should be made in
SingleCall mode.
What’s Singleton activation mode?
A single object is instantiated regardless of the number
of clients accessing it. Lifetime of this object is
determined by lifetime lease.
How do you define the lease of the object?
By implementing ILease interface when writing the class
code.
Can you configure a .NET Remoting object via XML file?
Yes, via machine.config and application level .config
file (or web.config in ASP.NET). Application-level XML
settings take precedence over machine.config.
How can you automatically generate interface for the
remotable object in .NET with Microsoft tools?
Use the Soapsuds tool.
What is Delegation?
A delegate acts like a strongly type function pointer.
Delegates can invoke the methods that they reference
without making explicit calls to those methods.
Delegate is an entity that is entrusted with the task of
representation, assign or passing on information. In
code sense, it means a Delegate is entrusted with a
Method to report information back to it when a certain
task (which the Method expects) is accomplished outside
the Method's class.
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